mary edwards walker

1919Who is the only woman to be awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor?

Dr. Mary Edwards Walker of Oswego, New York, remains the only woman ever awarded the U.S. Medal of Honor. As a pioneering Civil War surgeon and women's rights advocate, Walker volunteered her medical expertise on the battlefield when women were barred from official military commissions. Captured as a suspected spy in 1864 and enduring four months in a Confederate prison, she was honored by President Andrew Johnson with the Medal of Honor in 1865—only to have it rescinded in 1917 and later reinstated in 1977. Walker's legacy endures not only through her medal, now displayed at the Richardson-Bates House Museum, but also in the ongoing recognition of her extraordinary commitment to both her country and to gender equality.

2003What memorial commemorates civilian war casualties of the Mercantile Marine and the Merchant Navy?

The Tower Hill Memorial, situated near the Tower of London, stands as the only monument dedicated exclusively to merchant seamen from the Mercantile Marine and Merchant Navy who died in both World Wars with no known grave. This memorial honours over 36,000 individuals, including 480 Canadians, whose sacrifice was vital to wartime efforts yet largely unsung. A unique feature is panel 47, which specifically remembers the crew of the SS Empress of Canada, lost during the Second World War. The memorial not only preserves the names of the fallen but continues to evolve, with new names and corrections added as research uncovers more of its silent stories.